In accordance with this purpose, an ordinance had been adopted in each of these States declaring the States respectively to be separated from the National Union. Simultaneously and in connection with all this the purpose to sever the Federal Union was openly avowed. Officers of the Federal Army and Navy had resigned in great numbers, and of those resigning a large proportion had taken up arms against the Government. The Navy was scattered in distant seas, leaving but a very small part of it within the immediate reach of the Government. Accumulations of the public revenue lying within them had been seized for the same object. A disproportionate share of the Federal muskets and rifles had somehow found their way into these States, and had been seized to be used against the Government. The forts remaining in the possession of the Federal Government in and near these States were either besieged or menaced by warlike preparations, and especially Fort Sumter was nearly surrounded by well-protected hostile batteries, with guns equal in quality to the best of its own and outnumbering the latter as perhaps ten to one. The forts thus seized had been put in improved condition, new ones had been built, and armed forces had been organized and were organizing, all avowedly with the same hostile purpose. Within these States all the forts, arsenals, dockyards, custom-houses, and the like, including the movable and stationary property in and about them, had been seized and were held in open hostility to this Government, excepting only Forts Pickens, Taylor, and Jefferson, on and near the Florida coast, and Fort Sumter, in Charleston Harbor, South Carolina. Having been convened on an extraordinary occasion, as authorized by the Constitution, your attention is not called to any ordinary subject of legislation.Īt the beginning of the present Presidential term, four months ago, the functions of the Federal Government were found to be generally suspended within the several States of South Carolina, Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, and Florida, excepting only those of the Post-Office Department. Editor’s Speech: The following is President Abraham Lincoln’s message to Congress, on July 4, 1861.įellow-Citizens of the Senate and House of Representatives:
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